1	Idiophones

11	Struck idiophones

111	Directly struck idiophones (111)

111.1	Concussion idiophones or clappers – Two or more complementary sonorous parts are struck against each other.
111.11	Concussion sticks or stick clappers (clapstick).
111.12	Concussion plaques or plaque clappers (paiban).
111.13	Concussion troughs or trough clappers (devil chase).
111.14	Concussion vessels or vessel clappers (spoons).
111.141	Castanets – Natural and hollowed-out vessel clappers.
111.142	Cymbals – Vessel clappers with manufactured rim.
111.2	Percussion idiophones – The instrument is struck either with a non-sonorous object (hand, stick, striker) or against a non-sonorous object (human body, the ground).
111.21	Percussion sticks.
111.211	Individual percussion sticks.
111.212	Sets of percussion sticks in a range of different pitches combined into one instrument. – All xylophones, as long as their sounding components are not in two different planes.
111.22	Percussion plaques.
111.221	Individual percussion plaques.
111.222	Sets of percussion plaques – Examples are the lithophone and also most metallophones.
111.23	Percussion tubes.
111.231	Individual percussion tubes.
111.232	Sets of percussion tubes.
111.24	Percussion vessels.
111.241	Gongs – The vibration is strongest near the vertex.
111.241.1	Individual gongs.
111.241.2	Sets of gongs.
111.242	Bells – The vibration is weakest near the vertex.
111.242.1	Individual bells.
111.242.11	Resting bells whose opening faces upward (for example the standing bell)
111.242.12	Hanging bells suspended from the apex.
111.242.121	Hanging bells without internal strikers.
111.242.122	Hanging bells with internal strikers.
111.242.2	Sets of bells or chimes.
111.242.21	Sets of resting bells whose opening faces upward.
111.242.22	Sets of hanging bells suspended from the apex.
111.242.221	Sets of hanging bells without internal strikers.
111.242.222	Sets of hanging bells with internal strikers.
111.3	Mixed sets of directly struck idiophones

112	Indirectly struck idiophones
112.1	Shaken Idiophones or rattles – The player makes a shaking motion
112.11	Suspension rattles – Perforated idiophones are mounted together, and shaken to strike against each other.
112.111	Strung rattles – Rattling objects are strung in rows on a cord.
112.112	Stick rattles – Rattling objects are strung on a bar or ring.
112.12	Frame rattles – Rattling objects are attached to a carrier against which they strike (flexatone).
112.121	Pendant rattles.
112.122	Sliding rattles.
112.13	Vessel rattles – Rattling objects enclosed in a vessel strike against each other or against the walls of the vessel, or usually against both.
112.2	Scraped Idiophones – The player causes a scraping movement directly or indirectly; a non-sonorous object moves along the notched surface of a sonorous object, to be alternately lifted off the teeth and flicked against them; or an elastic sonorous object moves along the surface of a notched non-sonorous object to cause a series of impacts. This group must not be confused with that of friction idiophones.
112.21	Scraped sticks.
112.211	Scraped sticks without resonator.
112.212	Scraped sticks with resonator.
112.22	Scraped tubes.
112.221	Scraped tubes without resonator.
112.222	Scraped tubes with resonator.
112.23	Scraped vessels.
112.231	Scraped vessels without resonator.
112.232	Scraped vessels with resonator.
112.24	Scraped wheels – cog rattles or Ratchet
112.241	Scraped wheels without resonator.
112.242	Scraped wheels with resonator.
112.3	Split idiophones – Instruments in the shape of two springy arms connected at one end and touching at the other: the arms are forced apart by a little stick, to jangle or vibrate on recoil.

12	Plucked idiophones = lamellaphones = lamellophones

121	In the form of a frame
121.1	Clack idiophones or Cricri – The lamella is carved in the surface of a fruit shell, which serves as resonator.
121.2	Guimbardes and Jaw harps (i. e. "kissed" idiophones) – The lamella is mounted in a rod- or plaque-shaped frame and depends on the player's mouth cavity for resonance.
121.21	Idioglot guimbardes – The lamella is cut through the frame of the instrument (kubing).
121.211	Individual idioglot guimbardes.
121.212	Sets of idioglot guimbardes
121.22	Heteroglot guimbardes – The lamella is attached to the frame (Western Jew's harp, kouxian). Present-day ethnomusicologists, such as Margaret Kartomi (page 173) and Ellingson (PhD dissertation, 1979, p. 544), might support the suggestion that, in keeping with the spirit of the original Hornbostel–Sachs classification scheme, of categorization by what first produces the initial sound in the instrument, that the supposed class 412.13 should count as these instead.
121.221	Individual heteroglot guimbardes.
121.222	Sets of heteroglot guimbardes
121.23	Mixed sets of guimbardes

122	In the form of a comb
122.1	With laced on lamellae.
122.11	Without resonator.
122.12	With resonator.
122.2	With cut-out lamellae – Musical box
122.21	Without resonator.
122.22	With resonator.
122.3	Mixed sets of combs

123	Mixed sets of lamellophones

13	Friction idiophones

131	Friction sticks
131.1	Individual friction sticks.
131.11	Without direct friction.
131.12	With direct friction.
131.2	Sets of friction sticks.
131.21	Without direct friction.
131.22	With direct friction.
131.23	Mixed

132	Friction plaques
132.1	Individual friction plaques.
132.11	Without direct friction.
132.12	With direct friction.
132.2	Sets of friction plaques.
132.21	Without direct friction.
132.22	With direct friction.
132.23	Mixed

133	Friction vessels
133.1	Individual friction vessels (for example the singing bowl)
133.11	Without direct friction.
133.12	With direct friction.
133.2	Sets of friction vessels.
133.21	Without direct friction.
133.22	With direct friction.
133.23	Mixed

134	Sets of Friction idiophones
134.1	Without direct friction.
134.2	With direct friction.
134.3	Mixed

14	Blown idiophones

141	Blown sticks
141.1	Individual blown sticks.
141.2	Sets of blown sticks. (Aeolodion)

142	Blown plaques
142.1	Individual blown plaques.
142.2	Sets of blown plaques.

143	Mixed sets of blown idiophones

15	Unclassified idiophones